In Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science Society, p. 113-118. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Recursive Inconsistencies Are Hard to Learn:
A Connectionist Perspective on Universal Word Order Correlations



Morten H. Christiansen and Joseph T. Devlin

Abstract

Across the languages of the world there is a high degree of consistency with respect to the ordering of heads of phrases. Within the generative approach to language these correlational universals have been taken to support the idea of innate linguistic constraints on word order. In contrast, we suggest that the tendency towards word order consistency may emerge from non-linguistic constraints on the learning of highly structured temporal sequences, of which human languages are prime examples. First, an analysis of recursive consistency within phrase-structure rules is provided, showing how inconsistency may impede learning. Results are then presented from connectionist simulations involving simple recurrent networks without linguistic biases, demonstrating that recursive inconsistencies directly affect the learnability of a language. Finally, typological language data are presented, suggesting that the word order patterns which are infrequent among the world's languages are the ones which are recursively inconsistent as well as being the patterns which are hard for the nets to learn. We therefore conclude that innate linguistic knowledge may not be necessary to explain word order universals.


Click here to download a PDF version.

rule.gif (155 bytes)

Home | People | Research | Links | Contact | Publications | Presentations
Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory

Please email suggestions/errors to mhc27@cornell.edu